A coping mechanism is an approach or way of acting that one uses to control tension, feelings, or challenging circumstances. These systems address or lessen psychological discomfort, assisting people in maintaining psychological stability. Maladaptive (negative) coping techniques include substance misuse and avoidance, whereas adaptive (positive) coping mechanisms include physical activity, reaching out for social support, and mindfulness practices. 

Different coping mechanisms are needed in different circumstances. Planning and problem solving techniques, for instance, are examples of problem focused coping strategies that are effective for handling challenges that are modifiable, like a job deadline. When things get out of hand, such when someone is grieving a loss, emotion focused coping techniques like writing or meditation can be helpful. 

The efficiency of a coping strategy varies depending on the situation, personality, and resources of the individual, underscoring the need for adaptable stress management techniques.